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Congressional bills and resolutions from Congress.gov, filtered to policy areas relevant to environmental, health, agriculture, and wildlife regulation.

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64 rows where bill_type = "s", congress = 107 and policy_area = "Finance and Financial Sector" sorted by introduced_date descending

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  • Finance and Financial Sector · 64 ✖

congress 1

  • 107 · 64 ✖

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  • s · 64 ✖
bill_id congress bill_type bill_number title policy_area introduced_date ▲ latest_action_date latest_action_text origin_chamber sponsor_name sponsor_state sponsor_party sponsor_bioguide_id cosponsor_count summary_text update_date url
107-s-3174 107 s 3174 Protection of Family Farmers and Family Fisherman Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-11-19 2002-11-19 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Senate Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA] IA R G000386 3 Protection of Family Farmers and Family Fishermen Act of 2002 - Amends the Federal Bankruptcy Code to reenact Chapter 12, Adjustment of Debts of a Family Farmer with Regular Annual Income (thus reinstating permanently family farmer bankruptcy relief).Provides periodic adjustments for inflation of the debt limit for family farmers.Cites circumstances under which the claim of a governmental unit that arises from the disposition of a farm asset used in the debtor's farming operation shall be treated as an unsecured claim not entitled to priority.Increases from $1.5 million to $3.237 million the maximum aggregate debt that permits a farming operation to qualify as a family farming operation for debt adjustment purposes. Decreases from 80 percent to 50 percent the minimum percentage of aggregate, noncontingent liquidated debts arising out of such a farming operation.Repeals the requirement that a family farmer and spouse receive over 50 percent of income from farming operations in the year before a bankruptcy petition is filed.Prohibits: (1) retroactive assessment of disposable income; and (2) post-confirmation modification of a bankruptcy plan that would increase the amount of payments that were due before such modification. Requires debtor's consent for post-confirmation increase in payments.Extends Chapter 12 coverage to family fishermen whose aggregate debts do not exceed $1.5 million, of which at least 80 percent of aggregate noncontingent, liquidated debts arise out of a commercial fishing operation. 2025-08-19T17:30:13Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/3174
107-s-3139 107 s 3139 Employee Pension Bankruptcy Protection Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-10-17 2002-10-17 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text of measure as introduced: CR S10708-10709) Senate Sen. Sessions, Jeff [R-AL] AL R S001141 2 See summary of: S. 3028 2025-08-19T17:28:43Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/3139
107-s-3034 107 s 3034 Check Truncation Act Finance and Financial Sector 2002-10-02 2002-10-02 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Johnson, Tim [D-SD] SD D J000177 2 Check Truncation Act - Sets forth a statutory framework under which a substitute check is the legal equivalent of an original check for all purposes, if the substitute check: (1) accurately represents all of the information on the front and back of the original check as of the time the original check was truncated; and (2) bears the legend: "This is a legal copy of your check. You can use it the same way you would use the original check." Prescribes implementation guidelines, including: (1) indemnity procedures; (2) substitute check warranties; (3) expedited recredit claims for consumers and for banks; (4) procedures for claims; (5) measure of damages; (6) statute of limitations; and (7) consumer education materials. 2025-08-19T17:31:09Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/3034
107-s-2996 107 s 2996 Bankruptcy Abuse Reform Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text of measure as introduced: CR S9123) Senate Sen. Kohl, Herb [D-WI] WI D K000305 2 Bankruptcy Abuse Reform Act of 2002--Amends the Federal bankruptcy code to prohibit a debtor from exempting from the estate in bankruptcy any amount of interest that exceeds in the aggregate $125,000 in value in: (1) real or personal property used as a residence; (2) a cooperative that owns property used as a residence by the debtor or debtor's dependent; or (3) a burial plot for the debtor or debtor's dependent.States that this limitation on such an exemption does not apply to the principal residence of a family farmer. 2025-08-19T17:28:37Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2996
107-s-2947 107 s 2947 Consumer Rental Purchase Agreement Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-09-17 2002-09-17 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Landrieu, Mary L. [D-LA] LA D L000550 8 Consumer Rental Purchase Agreement Act of 2002 - Amends the Consumer Credit Protection Act to prescribe guidelines for rental-purchase transactions, including: (1) the determination of rental-purchase cost; (2) disclosure requirements; (3) proscriptions against confessions of judgment, wage assignments, and waiver of consumer claims or defenses; (4) furnishing of statements of account; (5) point-of-rental disclosures; and (6) rental-purchase advertising disclosures.Authorizes the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to promulgate implementing regulations.Declares that an action for civil liability may be brought against a merchant's assignee only if the violation is apparent on the face of a rental-purchase agreement to which it relates, including, but not limited to, a disclosure that can be determined to be incomplete or inaccurate from the face of the agreement. Provides for Federal and State enforcement of this Act. 2025-08-19T17:29:02Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2947
107-s-2901 107 s 2901 Corporate Accountability in Bankruptcy Act Finance and Financial Sector 2002-09-03 2002-09-03 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text of measure as introduced: CR S8100) Senate Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA] IA R G000386 1 Corporate Accountability in Bankruptcy Act - Amends Federal bankruptcy law to authorize the bankruptcy trustee to avoid any transfer made within one year before the date of the bankruptcy petition if it was made to an insider, officer, or director for any bonuses, loans, or other extraordinary or excessive compensation.Authorizes the bankruptcy trustee to avoid any transfer of debtor's interest in property, or of any obligation incurred by the debtor and paid to any officer, director, or employee of an issuer of securities, if: (1) the transfer was made, or the obligation was incurred within four years before the petition filing date; and (2) the officer, director, or employee committed either a securities violation, or committed fraud, deceit, or manipulation in a fiduciary capacity or in connection with a securities transaction, or engaged in illegal or deceptive accounting practices. 2025-08-19T17:29:22Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2901
107-s-2877 107 s 2877 Rank and File Stock Option Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-08-01 2002-08-01 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance. (consideration: CR S7945-7946) Senate Sen. Lieberman, Joseph I. [D-CT] CT D L000304 1 Rank and File Stock Option Act of 2002 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to reduce the deduction allowed for granting stock options if the total number of shares in a firm which may be acquired by highly compensated employees pursuant to options exceeds 50 percent of the aggregate share amount. Negates the deduction if: (1) the total number of shares which may be acquired by one highly compensated employee pursuant to options exceeds five percent of the aggregate share amount; or (2) the total number of shares available to covered employees pursuant to options exceeds 15 percent of the aggregate share amount. Allows an exception to the negation provisions if a taxpayer grants an equal number of identical options to every employee. Counts all members of an affiliated group of corporations as one taxpayer.Directs the Securities and Exchange Commission to finalize rules pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to ensure that: (1) shareholder approval is required for stock option plans and grants and other equity interests; and (2) prior to submission of such plans to shareholders for approval, detailed information about the plans is given.Authorizes shareholder approval rules to exempt from the shareholder approval provisions of this Act: (1) certain stock option grants to individual employees; and (2) stock option plans and grants issued by small businesses or by additional small issuers as approved by the Commission.Directs the Commission to conduct an analysis of, and make regulatory and legislative recommendations on, the need for new stock holding period requirements for senior executives. 2026-02-10T13:37:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2877
107-s-2885 107 s 2885 Wire Transfer Fairness and Disclosure Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-08-01 2002-08-01 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S7952) Senate Sen. Corzine, Jon S. [D-NJ] NJ D C001042 1 Wire Transfer Fairness and Disclosure Act of 2002 - Amends the Electronic Fund Transfer Act to require that the following disclosures be prominently displayed on the premises of a money transmitting business which initiates an international money transfer for a consumer: (1) the exchange rate used in connection with such transaction; (2) the exchange rate prevailing at a major financial center of the foreign country whose currency is involved in the transaction; (3) all commissions and fees charged in connection with such transaction; and (4) the exact amount of foreign currency to be received by the recipient in the foreign country, which shall be disclosed to the consumer before the transaction is consummated.Requires further that such disclosures be prominently revealed in advertisements and receipts used by the business, and in the same language as that principally used by the business to advertise, solicit, or negotiate, at that office, if other than English. 2026-02-10T13:37:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2885
107-s-2820 107 s 2820 A bill to increase the priority dollar amount for unsecured claims, and for other purposes. Finance and Financial Sector 2002-07-30 2002-07-30 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text of measure as introduced: CR S7581) Senate Sen. Carnahan, Jean [D-MO] MO D C001043 3 Amends Federal bankruptcy law to increase from $4,650 to $13,500 the maximum amount of a claim to recover employee wages and benefits that has priority ranking among unsecured creditor claims.Authorizes the bankruptcy court to avoid any transfer of compensation paid to an employee, officer, or member of the board of directors of a debtor in the 90 days preceding the bankruptcy petition date if the court finds that the compensation is either out of the ordinary course of business, or that it constitutes unjust enrichment. 2025-07-21T19:32:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2820
107-s-2822 107 s 2822 Prevention of Stock Option Abuse Act Finance and Financial Sector 2002-07-30 2002-07-30 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Wyden, Ron [D-OR] OR D W000779 0 Prevention of Stock Option Abuse Act - Instructs the Securities and Exchange Commission to promulgate stock option rules requiring a publicly traded corporation to: (1) obtain prior shareholder approval of stock option compensation plans; and (2) issue to directors or executive officers stock options that have a minimum five-year vesting period.Mandates that such rules also: (1) stagger both the percentage of company stock sold by a director or executive officer and the time periods within which it may be sold; and (2) require quarterly corporate filings to include the total quantity of outstanding stock options held by senior management and staff, as well as a stock option status report. 2025-08-19T17:31:15Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2822
107-s-2798 107 s 2798 Employee Abuse Prevention Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-07-25 2002-07-25 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Senate Sen. Durbin, Richard J. [D-IL] IL D D000563 4 Employee Abuse Prevention Act of 2002 - Amends the Federal bankruptcy code to authorize the bankruptcy trustee to avoid fraudulent transfers and obligations of the debtor: (1) made within four years (currently one year) before the bankruptcy filing date; and (2) if the debtor was insolvent on the date or became insolvent as a result of an excess benefit transfer or an excess benefit obligation incurred to an insider, general partner, or other affiliate.Authorizes the court to recharacterize a transaction as a secured loan if its material characteristics are substantially similar to those of a secured loan.Permits the bankruptcy trustee to avoid transfers of property or obligations of the debtor that are voidable by a good faith purchaser that gave value in reliance on incorrect information contained in any public registry of security interests or liens.Prohibits retention bonuses and severance pay made for the benefit of an insider of the debtor unless certain requirements are met.Allows as a fourth priority any unsecured claim with respect to a right or interest in equity securities of the debtor, or an affiliate of the debtor, that are held in an employee pension plan, without regard to when services were rendered or limitation in amount, and measured by the market value of the stock at the time the stock was contributed to, or purchased by, the plan.Increases from $4,000 to $13,500 the maximum aggregate claim amount to recover employee wages and benefits that have priority ranking among unsecured creditor claims.Includes as an administrative expense with first priority status any claim arising out of the breach of any fiduciary duty regarding an employee pension plan maintained by the debtor.Directs the court to order reinstatement of retiree benefits if it finds that they were modified in contemplation of bankruptcy and were not essential to the viability of debtor's business. 2025-08-19T17:31:40Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2798
107-s-2772 107 s 2772 American 5-Cent Coin Design Continuity Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-07-23 2002-07-23 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Allen, George [R-VA] VA R A000121 0 American 5-Cent Coin Design Continuity Act of 2002 - Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to change the design on the obverse and the reverse of the 5-cent coin for coins issued in 2003, 2004, and 2005 in commemoration of the bicentennial of the Louisiana Purchase.Amends Federal law governing coins and currency to mandate that: (1) the obverse of any 5-cent coin issued after December 31, 2005, bear an image of Thomas Jefferson; and (2) the reverse of any such coin bear an image of the home of Thomas Jefferson at Monticello.Establishes the Coin Design Advisory Committee to advise the Secretary on: (1) design proposals relating to circulating coinage and numismatic items, including congressional gold medals; and (2) any other issues relating to items produced by the U.S. Mint that the Secretary may request. 2025-08-19T17:29:48Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2772
107-s-2760 107 s 2760 Stock Option Fairness and Accountability Act Finance and Financial Sector 2002-07-19 2002-07-19 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Enzi, Michael B. [R-WY] WY R E000285 9 Stock Option Fairness and Accountability Act - Instructs the Securities and Exchange Commission to analyze, and report recommendations to certain congressional committees on, the accounting treatment of stock options including: (1) the adequacy of current disclosure requirements to investors and shareholders on stock options; (2) the adequacy of corporate governance requirements, including shareholder approval of stock option plans; and (3) the accuracy of available stock option pricing models. 2025-08-19T17:28:42Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2760
107-s-2724 107 s 2724 A bill to provide regulatory oversight over energy trading markets and metals trading markets, and for other purposes. Finance and Financial Sector 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Senate Sen. Feinstein, Dianne [D-CA] CA D F000062 10 Amends the Commodity Exchange Act to instruct the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to maintain a liaison with one another.Places transactions in certain energy or metal commodities within the regulatory and enforcement framework governing futures trading and foreign transactions (including a proscription against market price manipulation of any commodity in either interstate commerce or on the contract market for future delivery).Places electronic trading facilities (bilateral dealer markets) under the regulatory oversight of the CFTC, including filing, recordkeeping, reporting and capital requirements.Prohibits contracts designed to defraud or mislead.Amends the Department of Energy Organization Act to mandate that the following agencies hold quarterly meetings to discuss conditions in energy trading markets and any changes in Federal law needed to regulate them: FERC, CFTC, the Securities Exchange Commission, the Federal Trade Commission and the Federal Reserve Board. 2025-01-14T16:41:20Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2724
107-s-2673 107 s 2673 Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-06-25 2002-07-15 Returned to the Calendar. Calendar No. 442. Senate Sen. Sarbanes, Paul S. [D-MD] MD D S000064 0 Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002 - Title I: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board - Establishes the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board to: (1) oversee the audit of public companies that are subject to the securities laws; (2) establish audit report standards and rules; and (2) investigate, inspect, and enforce compliance relating to registered public accounting firms, associated persons, and the obligations and liabilities of accountants.(Sec. 101) Prohibits Board membership from including more than two certified public accountants.(Sec. 102) Mandates registration with the Board by any public accounting firm that performs or participates in any audit report with respect to any issuer.(Sec. 105) Empowers the Board to impose disciplinary or remedial sanctions upon registered public accounting firms and their associated persons who are in violation of this Act, including the securities laws relating to the preparation and issuance of audit reports and the obligations and liabilities of accountants with respect to them.Restricts liability to intentional conduct, or repeated instances of negligent conduct.Authorizes Board sanctions upon a registered accounting firm or its supervisory personnel for failure to supervise.(Sec. 106) Places within the purview of this Act: (1) foreign public accounting firms that prepare or furnish an audit report with respect to any issuer; and (2) audit workpapers.(Sec. 107) Grants the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) general oversight of the Board and the power to review Board actions, including general modification and rescission of Board authority.(Sec. 108) Amends the Securities Act of 1933 to: (1) authorize the SEC to recognize, as "generally accepted" for purposes of the securities laws, any accounting principles established by a standard setting body; and (2) direct the SEC to study and report to Congress on the adoption by the U.S. financial reporting system of a principles-based accounting system.Title II: Auditor Independenc… 2025-04-07T13:39:20Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2673
107-s-2600 107 s 2600 Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-06-07 2002-07-25 See also H.R. 3210. Senate Sen. Dodd, Christopher J. [D-CT] CT D D000388 6 Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 - Establishes in the Department of the Treasury the Terrorism Insured Loss Shared Compensation Program, administered by the Secretary of the Treasury, who shall have general Program authorities and pay the Federal share of compensation for insured losses.(Sec. 4) Prescribes guidelines for: (1) mandatory insurance company participation in the Program; and (2) mandatory availability of property and casualty insurance for insured losses that does not differ materially from coverage limitations applicable to losses arising from events other than terrorism.Predicates Program participation by certain governmental or quasi-governmental entities upon a determination made by the Secretary before the occurrence of an act of terrorism in which the entity incurs an insured loss.Sets forth a formula for shared insurance loss coverage that includes: (1) a Federal share of compensation that is either 80 percent of aggregate insured losses of less than $10 billion, or 90 percent of aggregate insured losses that exceed $10 billion; and (2) a cap on the annual liability of the Federal share of compensation.Denies judicial review of the Secretary's determination.(Sec. 6) Terminates the Program one year after the date of enactment. Prescribes conditions for Program extension.Expresses the sense of Congress that the Secretary should make any determination regarding either Program extension or termination in sufficient time to enable participating insurance companies to include coverage for acts of terrorism in their policies for the second year of the Program, if extended.Mandates studies and reports to Congress on: (1) insurance coverage availability coupled with insurance industry capacity to absorb future losses resulting from acts of terrorism taking into account profitability; (2) the potential effects of acts of terrorism on the availability of life insurance and other insurance coverage; and (3) terrorism risk insurance premium rates charged by participating insurance companies for insured … 2025-04-07T13:39:20Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2600
107-s-2594 107 s 2594 Support of American Eagle Silver Bullion Program Act Finance and Financial Sector 2002-06-06 2002-07-23 Became Public Law No: 107-201. Senate Sen. Reid, Harry [D-NV] NV D R000146 5 Support of American Eagle Silver Bullion Program Act - Requires the Secretary of the Treasury to obtain silver from other available sources when the United States silver stockpile is depleted. Prohibits the Secretary from paying more than the average world price for silver under any circumstances. 2026-02-10T13:37:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2594
107-s-2460 107 s 2460 Shareholder Bill of Rights Act Finance and Financial Sector 2002-05-06 2002-05-06 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Levin, Carl [D-MI] MI D L000261 0 Shareholder Bill of Rights Act - Amends the Securities Act of 1933 to authorize the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to: (1) delegate its authority to issue financial accounting and reporting standards to an independent, nongovernmental organization (such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board); and (2) require issuers to comply with the standards issued by such organization.Prescribes guidelines to ensure an independent source of funding for such organization.Mandates that at least one third of the organization's appointed members: (1) represent investors and the public interest; and (2) have not recently been employed by or associated with a public accounting firm or issuer.Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to impose upon independent public accountants a two-year ban regarding: (1) self audits if an accountant performs non-audit services for an issuer of a publicly traded security; (2) contemporaneous non-auditing services if the accountant audits and certifies a financial document; and (3) acceptance of any directorship, employment, or contract for services if the accountant participates personally and substantially in an audit leading to the certification of a financial document of an issuer of a publicly traded security (issuer).Requires such issuers to provide all material information during the conduct of an audit. Declares it is unlawful for any director, officer, or affiliated person of such issuers to improperly influence, coerce, manipulate, or mislead any independent public accountant who audits a financial statement or report of such issuer.Prescribes oversight guidelines to be exercised by such issuer's audit committee or its board of directors.Permits certain three-percent beneficial shareholders to include their own proposals within proxy statements provided to security holders of an issuer.Mandates SEC regulations to: (1) require prior shareholder approval of stock option compensation plans that do not treat such options as an expense for the purpose of ascertaining income, … 2025-08-19T17:29:02Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2460
107-s-2438 107 s 2438 Predatory Lending Consumer Protection Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-05-01 2002-05-01 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Sarbanes, Paul S. [D-MD] MD D S000064 15 Predatory Lending Consumer Protection Act of 2002 - Amends the Truth in Lending Act guidelines for certain credit transactions secured by the consumer's principal dwelling (high-cost mortgage).Requires additional disclosures that the consumer is contracting to pay a much higher loan than most people pay. Specifies additional prohibitions against prepayment penalties, except in certain circumstances. Prohibits all balloon payments. Prohibits the terms of a high-cost mortgage from including advance collection of a premium on a single premium basis for specified credit insurance products.Restricts the amount of points and fees which a creditor may finance in connection with a high-cost mortgage. Prohibits certain creditors from financing the prepayment fees or penalties due from the consumer.Prohibits a high-cost mortgage creditor from engaging in specified practices, including requiring arbitration or any other nonjudicial procedure as a method for resolving any controversy or claims arising from the transaction.Declares a consumer's waiver of the right of rescission ineffective if the creditor either advised, or encouraged such waiver, or required it as a precondition for a transaction.Amends the Fair Credit Reporting Act to mandate that each high-cost mortgage creditor (including the successor creditor) report the debtor's complete payment history to certain consumer reporting agencies in accordance with specified regulations. 2025-08-19T17:32:24Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2438
107-s-2247 107 s 2247 Truth in Auditing Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-04-24 2002-04-24 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Durbin, Richard J. [D-IL] IL D D000563 0 Truth in Auditing Act of 2002 - Instructs the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to designate an Independent Public Accounting Oversight Board (Board) as a private, self-regulatory entity, subject to SEC oversight, and which shall not be a Federal agency or instrumentality. Limits certified public accountant membership on such Board to two out of the five members.Identifies Board duties as : (1) the establishment and enforcement of auditor quality control, independence, and auditing standards; and (2) the conduct of a continuing program of inspections to assess compliance with this Act by each registered public accounting firm.Grants the SEC general oversight and enforcement authority over the Board, including abrogation and amendatory authority over any Board rule or disciplinary action. Mandates prior SEC approval of any Board ruling.Empowers the SEC to censure the Board, impose sanctions upon it and to rescind its authority, as well as remove Board members.Mandates registration of public accounting firms with the Board.Prescribes auditor independence rules. Prescribes guidelines for Board investigations and disciplinary proceedings, including assessment of civil money penalties.Places foreign public accounting firms within the purview of this Act.Requires certain corporate officers to certify and sign the periodic financial statements filed under this Act and transmitted to shareholders. 2026-02-10T13:37:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2247
107-s-2056 107 s 2056 Integrity in Auditing Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-03-21 2002-03-21 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Nelson, Bill [D-FL] FL D N000032 1 Integrity in Auditing Act of 2002 - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to prohibit an independent public accountant from providing: (1) management consulting or any other non-audit-related services during the same calendar year in which it provides auditing services; (2) any service that could either result in a potential conflict of interest, or impair auditor independence; or (3) auditing or related services for an issuer for more than seven consecutive years.Bars an independent public accountant from employment in a management or other policymaking position for an issuer for whom that accountant (or affiliated person) has provided auditing services during the one-year period preceding the date of employment. Permits the performance, however, of tax consulting services contemporaneously with any auditing or related service.Directs the Securities and Exchange Commission to require: (1) issuer disclosure of the nature, extent, and duration of interrelationships between the issuer and the board of directors, senior officers of the corporation, and immediate family members; and (2) the audit committee and compensation committee of an issuer to consist solely of independent directors.Expresses the sense of the Senate that: (1) tough enforcement, including criminal prosecution whenever possible, is the most effective deterrent to fraudulent activity; and (2) the Commission should take a firm, swift approach to wrongdoers. 2025-08-19T17:32:29Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2056
107-s-2004 107 s 2004 Investor Confidence in Public Accounting Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-03-08 2002-03-08 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Dodd, Christopher J. [D-CT] CT D D000388 4 Investor Confidence in Public Accounting Act of 2002 Directs the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to designate an Independent Public Accounting Board (IPAB), subject to SEC oversight, which shall exercise regulatory jurisdiction over public accounting firms.Directs IPAB to: (1) establish and enforce auditor quality control and auditing standards to be used by registered independent public accounting firms (RIPA firm); (2) assess periodically RIPA firm compliance; and (3) establish record retention criteria.Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to prohibit RIPA firms from conducting specified non-audit services for a securities issuer contemporaneously with either: (1) auditing the issuer; or (2) receiving general revenues from it.Prohibits a RIPA firm from performing auditing services for an issuer if any management-level personnel of that issuer had been an employee of the RIPA during the 2-year period preceding such audit (thereby preventing revolving-door conflicts-of-interest).Sets forth procedures for: (1) mandatory registration of RIPA firms with IPAB; and (2) IPAB investigations and disciplinary proceedings.Directs the SEC to recognize generally accepted accounting principles established by a U.S. standard setting body that meets prescribed criteria.Makes it unlawful for any officer, director, or affiliated person of an issuer registered with the SEC to make material misrepresentations to a RIPA.Increases the number of SEC professional accountant positions to provide enhanced oversight of auditors and auditing services.Instructs the SEC to require issuers to submit periodic financial disclosures pertaining to transactions and relationships: (1) likely to expose the issuer to liability or impaired financial status; and (2) necessary for an understanding of their business purpose and economic substance.Mandates prompt electronic disclosure of affiliate transactions.Directs the SEC to submit recommendations to IPAB regarding: (1) the treatment of stock options; and (2) the consolidation and dis… 2025-08-19T17:31:24Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/2004
107-s-1985 107 s 1985 Microcap Fraud Prevention Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-03-05 2002-03-05 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Collins, Susan M. [R-ME] ME R C001035 0 Microcap Fraud Prevention Act of 2001 - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and the Investment Company Act of 1940 to direct the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to enjoin the activities of any broker, dealer, or investment adviser who: (1) is subject to an SEC order barring or suspending such person's right to be associated with a broker or dealer; (2) has been found by a foreign financial regulatory authority to have violated foreign statutes or regulations governing transactions in securities, banking, and insurance; (3) failed reasonably to supervise with a view to preventing securities, banking, or insurance violations; or (4) is subject to any order of a State regulatory authority barring such person from either engaging in the business of securities, insurance, or banking, or from association with an entity engaged in such businesses. Includes both municipal, and government securities dealers and brokers within the sweep of such regulation.Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to: (1) extend the penny stock bar to any noncovered security; and (2) make it unlawful for any person who is the subject of certain enforcement sanctions to serve as officer, director, or participant in any offering involving a noncovered security.Authorizes a court to prohibit violators of certain SEC anti-fraud rules from participating in an offering of a noncovered security.Bars persons subject to specified court orders from serving as officers, directors, or participants in any offering involving a noncovered security. 2025-08-19T17:29:56Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1985
107-s-1945 107 s 1945 Safe and Fair Deposit Insurance Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-02-14 2002-02-14 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Johnson, Tim [D-SD] SD D J000177 18 Safe and Fair Deposit Insurance Act of 2002 - Mandates that the Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings Association Insurance Fund be merged into the Deposit Insurance Fund (DIF) established by this Act.Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (FDIA) to establish the DIF. Mandates that all assessments against insured depository institutions by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) be deposited into the DIF.Authorizes the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to borrow from the Federal home loan banks funds necessary for DIF use.Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2002 - Amends the FDIA to: (1) prohibit an undercapitalized insured depository institution from accepting employee benefit plan deposits; (2) increase the amount of Federal insurance coverage (including an inflation adjustment); and (3) include retirement accounts and municipal deposits within such coverage.Requires the FDIC Board of Directors, before the beginning of each calendar year, to designate the reserve ratio applicable to the DIF.Prohibits the Board from modifying its information collection requirements if such modification is done solely to change assessment risk classifications and results in placing greater regulatory or reporting burdens upon an insured depository institution.Allows credits based upon past contributions to the DIF. 2025-08-19T17:29:01Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1945
107-s-1933 107 s 1933 Investor Protection Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-02-12 2002-02-12 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S661-662) Senate Sen. Shelby, Richard C. [R-AL] AL R S000320 1 Investor Protection Act of 2002 - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 regarding liability standards in private securities litigation to repeal: (1) the scienter requirement limiting joint and several liability for damages to covered persons who knowingly committed a violation of the securities laws; and (2) the allowance of proportionate liability, under which a covered person is liable solely for the portion of a judgment that corresponds to the person's percentage of responsibility for a securities violation. (Thus makes any covered person against whom a final judgment is entered in private securities litigation liable for one hundred percent of damages jointly and severally, even if the securities violation was not committed knowingly.)Deems any person that recklessly provides substantial assistance to (aids or abets) another person in violation of Federal securities laws to be in violation of such laws to the same extent as the person to whom such assistance is provided.Establishes a statute of limitations for an implied private right of action of: (1) five years after an alleged violation occurred; or (2) three years after it was discovered.Repeals the prohibition against all but specified types of private class actions alleging either misrepresentation or omission of a material fact or manipulative or deceptive practices in connection with securities sales or purchases (thus permitting private class actions without limitation). 2025-08-19T17:31:42Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1933
107-s-1895 107 s 1895 Independent Investment Advisers Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-01-24 2002-01-24 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S101) Senate Sen. Fitzgerald, Peter [R-IL] IL R F000442 1 Independent Investment Advisers Act of 2002 - Amends the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to mandate that investment advisers who publish any analysis or report regarding a company or its securities, make public disclosure regarding their ties to issuers of securities, including any: (1) compensation; (2) mergers or acquisition transactions handled during the past five years involving any debt or equity of such company; and (3) personal debt or equity holdings in such securities company of the adviser or an associated person. 2025-08-19T17:33:09Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1895
107-s-1896 107 s 1896 Auditor Independence Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-01-24 2002-01-24 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Boxer, Barbara [D-CA] CA D B000711 0 Auditor Independence Act of 2002 - Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934to provide that an independent public accountant who performs auditing or related services for a client is prohibited from also providing to such client during the calendar year in which such services are performed: (1) management consulting services; (2) any other service that is not related to the audit; or (3) any other service that could result in a potential conflict of interest or otherwise impair auditor independence. 2025-08-19T17:31:12Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1896
107-s-1897 107 s 1897 Fully Informed Investor Act of 2002 Finance and Financial Sector 2002-01-24 2002-01-24 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Carnahan, Jean [D-MO] MO D C001043 5 Fully Informed Investor Act of 2002 - Declares that any disclosure required by the Securities and Exchange Commission of the sale of any securities by an affiliated person of the issuer of those securities shall be made available in electronic form: (1) to the Commission by the affiliated person before the end of the calendar day on which the transaction occurs; (2) to the public by the Commission no later than the end of the business day on which the disclosure is received; and (3) in any case in which the issuer maintains a corporate website that is accessible only internally, on that internal website before the end of the calendar day on which the transaction occurs. 2025-08-19T17:31:46Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1897
107-s-1876 107 s 1876 Holocaust Victims' Assets, Restitution Policy, and Remembrance Act Finance and Financial Sector 2001-12-20 2001-12-20 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Clinton, Hillary Rodham [D-NY] NY D C001041 9 Holocaust Victims' Assets, Restitution Policy, and Remembrance Act - Establishes the National Foundation for the Study of Holocaust Assets as an independent entity of the Executive branch to: (1) serve as a centralized repository for research and information about Holocaust-era assets; and (2) create tools to assist individuals and institutions to determine the ownership of Holocaust victims' assets and to enable claimants to obtain the speedy resolution of their personal property claims. 2025-08-19T17:29:33Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1876
107-s-1835 107 s 1835 A bill to amend the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to clarify what lending entities are subject to section 44(f) of that Act, and for other purposes. Finance and Financial Sector 2001-12-18 2001-12-18 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Lincoln, Blanche L. [D-AR] AR D L000035 0 Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act regarding interstate bank mergers to subject to certain maximum charge limitations any credit sale or other evidence of debt issued to or acquired by any competing lender (currently, any insured depository institution) in a State that has a constitutional provision specifying the maximum lawful annual percentage rate of interest on a contract at no more than five percent above the discount rate for 90-day commercial paper in effect at the Federal reserve bank for the Federal reserve district in which the State is located. Includes in the meaning of competing lender not only insured depository institutions but also any person or entity engaged in the business of selling or financing the sale of property or services.States that the authority of any competing lender to take, receive, reserve, or charge interest on any loan or credit sale remains unaffected in States other than the State with such constitutional provision. 2025-01-14T18:20:21Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1835
107-s-1839 107 s 1839 Community Choice in Real Estate Act Finance and Financial Sector 2001-12-18 2001-12-18 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S13466-13467) Senate Sen. Allard, Wayne [R-CO] CO R A000109 14 Community Choice in Real Estate Act - Amends the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 and the Revised Statutes of the United States to prohibit the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Secretary of the Treasury, respectively, from making a determination that real estate brokerage activity or real estate management activity is an activity that is either financial in nature or incidental to any financial activity, or is complementary to a financial activity. 2025-08-19T17:28:56Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1839
107-s-1748 107 s 1748 Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-11-30 2001-12-03 Read the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 253. Senate Sen. Gramm, Phil [R-TX] TX R G000365 5 Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2001 - Establishes in the Department of the Treasury the Terrorism Insured Loss Shared Compensation Program to the pay the Federal share of compensation for insured losses resulting from an act of terrorism occurring during specified periods through December 31, 2004. Sets forth an annual liability cap.States that this Act: (1) constitutes payment authority in advance of appropriation Acts; and (2) represents the obligation of the Federal Government to provide for the Federal share of compensation for insured losses under such Program.Confers general and administrative authority upon the Secretary of the Treasury to implement the Program, including assessments for civil penalties for violations of this Act.Grants the United States subrogation rights. Sunsets the Program at a specified date subject to a one year extension at the Secretary's discretion.Preserves the jurisdiction and regulatory authority of the State Insurance Commissioners.Expresses the sense of the Congress that the insurance industry should build capacity and aggregate risk to provide affordable property and casualty coverage for terrorism risk.Outlines procedures for civil actions. 2025-08-19T17:30:29Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1748
107-s-1751 107 s 1751 Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-11-30 2001-11-30 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S12256-12258) Senate Sen. Gramm, Phil [R-TX] TX R G000365 5 See summary of: S. 1748 2025-08-19T17:28:22Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1751
107-s-1743 107 s 1743 National Terrorism Reinsurance Fund Act Finance and Financial Sector 2001-11-29 2002-06-17 Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR S5626-5627) Senate Sen. Hollings, Ernest F. [D-SC] SC D H000725 2 National Terrorism Reinsurance Fund Act - Directs the Secretary of Commerce to establish: (1) a reinsurance program for participating insurers for losses due to acts of terrorism; (2) a National Terrorism Reinsurance Fund (including minimum underwriting standards for participating insurers); and (3) a special committee to monitor terrorism insurance rates.Prescribes guidelines under which the Fund shall provide reinsurance for losses resulting from acts of terrorism covered by reinsurance contracts between the Fund and participating insurers.Requires the Secretary to determine if a loss is attributable to terrorism.Mandates: (1) coverage by property and casualty insurers for acts of terrorism; and (2) State credit for reinsurance obtained by an insurer from the Fund.Exempts the Fund from State, Federal and local taxes; and State laws pertaining to the insurance industry (other than State unfair trade practice laws). 2025-08-19T17:31:24Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1743
107-s-1744 107 s 1744 Terrorism Insurance Act Finance and Financial Sector 2001-11-29 2001-11-29 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Senate Sen. McCain, John [R-AZ] AZ R M000303 0 Terrorism Insurance Act - Authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to require each commercial insurer to submit to the Secretary or the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) a statement specifying the aggregate premium amount of coverage written for properties and persons in the United States under each line of commercial property and casualty insurance sold during specified periods.Directs the Secretary to provide financial assistance to commercial insurers to cover insured losses resulting from acts of terrorism, conditioned upon payment of a terrorism loss repayment surcharge collected by such insurers and remitted to the Secretary.Permits extension of this Act to self-insurance arrangements by municipalities and other public entities.Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) NAIC, in consultation with the Secretary, should develop appropriate definitions for acts of terrorism and appropriate standards for making determinations regarding such acts; (2) each State should adopt those definitions and standards for purposes of regulating insurance coverage; and (3) after consultation with the NAIC, the Secretary should adopt definitions for acts of terrorism and standards for determinations appropriate for this Act.Expresses the sense of Congress that the States should require separate disclosure by insurance companies of the price of any terrorism coverage, including the costs of any terrorism related assessments or surcharges under this Act. 2025-08-19T17:29:19Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1744
107-s-1723 107 s 1723 Protect Victims of Identity Theft Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-11-16 2001-11-16 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S12006) Senate Sen. Leahy, Patrick J. [D-VT] VT D L000174 2 Protect Victims of Identity Theft Act of 2001 - Amends the Fair Credit Reporting Act, with respect to the statute of limitations on actions, to provide that an action to enforce a liability may be brought not later than two years after the date on which the violation is discovered or should have been discovered by the exercise of reasonable diligence.Tolls such limitation period during any period during which a defendant has materially and willfully misrepresented information statutorily required to be disclosed where such misrepresentation is material to establishment of liability. 2026-02-10T13:37:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1723
107-s-1630 107 s 1630 A bill to extend for 6 additional months the period for which chapter 12 of title 11, United States Code, is reenacted. Finance and Financial Sector 2001-11-05 2001-11-08 Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 218. Senate Sen. Carnahan, Jean [D-MO] MO D C001043 8 Amends the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 to extend for six additional months (until April 1, 2002) the period for which chapter 12 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code (Adjustments of Debts of a Family Farmer) is reenacted.States that such extension shall take effect on October 1, 2001. 2025-07-21T19:32:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1630
107-s-1511 107 s 1511 International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-10-09 2001-10-09 Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 185. Senate Sen. Sarbanes, Paul S. [D-MD] MD D S000064 0 International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorist Financing Act of 2001 - Sunsets this Act after the first day of FY2005 if Congress enacts a specified joint resolution to that effect.Title I: International Counter Money Laundering and Related Measures - Amends Federal law governing monetary transactions to prescribe procedural guidelines under which the Secretary of the Treasury (the Secretary) may require domestic financial institutions and agencies to take specified measures if the Secretary finds that reasonable grounds exist for concluding that jurisdictions, financia1 institutions, types of accounts, or transactions operating outside or within the United States, are of primary money laundering concern. Includes mandatory disclosure of specified information relating to certain correspondent accounts.(Sec. 101) Directs the Secretary to study and report to Congress on: (1) the most timely and effective way to require foreign nationals to provide domestic financial institutions and agencies with information comparable to that required of U.S. nationals in order for those entities to comply with mandated reporting and information gathering; and (2) the need for requiring foreign nationals, before opening an account with a domestic financial institution, to obtain an identification number similar to that required for U.S. citizens through a social security number or tax identification number.(Sec. 102) Mandates establishment of due diligence mechanisms to detect and report money laundering transactions through private banking accounts and correspondent accounts.(Sec. 103) Prohibits U.S. correspondent accounts with foreign shell banks.(Sec. 104) Instructs the Secretary to adopt regulations to encourage further cooperation among financial institutions, their regulatory authorities, and law enforcement authorities, with the specific purpose of encouraging regulatory authorities and law enforcement authorities to share with financial institutions information regarding individuals, entities, and organizatio… 2025-01-14T18:20:21Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1511
107-s-1430 107 s 1430 Unity Bonds Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-09-14 2001-09-14 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Johnson, Tim [D-SD] SD D J000177 12 Unity Bonds Act of 2001 - Amends Federal law to instruct the Secretary of the Treasury to issue Unity Bonds in response to the acts of terrorism perpetrated against the United States on September 11, 2001.Mandates that proceeds from the issuance of Unity Bonds be used to raise funds to assist in recovery and relief operations following the terrorist acts, including humanitarian assistance, and to combat terrorism. 2025-08-19T17:30:00Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1430
107-s-1431 107 s 1431 War Bonds Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-09-14 2001-09-14 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. McConnell, Mitch [R-KY] KY R M000355 6 War Bonds Act of 2001 - Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to issue War Bonds in response to the acts of terrorism perpetrated against the United States on September 11, 2001. 2025-08-19T17:31:09Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1431
107-s-1432 107 s 1432 United States Defense of Freedom Bond Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-09-14 2001-09-14 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Smith, Gordon H. [R-OR] OR R S001142 5 United States Defense of Freedom Bond Act of 2001 Amends Federal law to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to issue United States Defense of Freedom Bonds in response to the acts of terrorism perpetrated against the United States on September 11, 2001. 2025-08-19T17:31:48Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1432
107-s-1399 107 s 1399 Identity Theft Prevention Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-09-04 2001-09-04 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Feinstein, Dianne [D-CA] CA D F000062 4 Identity Theft Prevention Act of 2001 - Amends the Truth in Lending Act to prescribe procedural guidelines under which a credit card issuer shall confirm changes of address.Amends the Fair Credit Reporting Act to prescribe procedural guidelines under which a consumer reporting agency shall: (1) notify the requester of a discrepancy in the address in the consumer file; and (2) include a fraud alert in the file of a requesting consumer.Confers enforcement jurisdiction upon the Federal Trade Commission.Mandates truncation of credit card account numbers, so that an entity that accepts credit cards for the transaction of business is prohibited from printing more than the last five digits of the credit card account number or the expiration date upon any receipt provided to the cardholder. 2025-08-19T17:29:37Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1399
107-s-1371 107 s 1371 Money Laundering Abatement Act Finance and Financial Sector 2001-08-03 2001-08-03 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S8945-8948) Senate Sen. Levin, Carl [D-MI] MI D L000261 8 Money Laundering Abatement Act - Amends the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act to include as money laundering crimes fraud, bribery of a public official, and certain smuggling or export control violations. Includes within the term: (1) "specified unlawful activity" certain crimes of violence; and (2) "financial institution" any foreign bank.Prohibits a depository institution, credit union, and a branch or agency of a foreign bank from establishing or maintaining in the United States: (1) an account for a foreign person without maintaining in the United States a record identifying, by a verifiable name and account number, each individual or entity having a direct or beneficial ownership interest; and (2) a correspondent account for, or on behalf of, a foreign bank that does not have a physical presence in any country, with an exception. Requires each such institution to establish enhanced due diligence policies, procedures, and controls to prevent, detect, and report possible instances of money laundering.Grants district courts jurisdiction over any foreign person that commits a financial transaction offense in the United States, including for court issuance of a pretrial restraining order. Prohibits false statements concerning the identity of customers of financial institutions.Requires a financial institution to comply within 48 hours with a Federal banking agency request for anti-money laundering information.Amends the Controlled Substances Act to authorize a court to order a defendant to repatriate property that may be seized and forfeited and to deposit that property pending trial in an interest-bearing account. 2025-08-19T17:29:01Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1371
107-s-1242 107 s 1242 Consumer Credit Score Disclosure Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-07-25 2001-07-25 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Schumer, Charles E. [D-NY] NY D S000148 3 Consumer Credit Score Disclosure Act of 2001 - Amends the Fair Credit Reporting Act to cite specified consumer credit scoring information that a consumer reporting agency must disclose upon consumer request in connection with an application for an extension of consumer credit secured by a dwelling, including a credit score: (1) derived from a model widely distributed to users of credit scores; or (2) that assists the consumer in understanding the credit scoring assessment of the consumer's credit behavior and predictions about future credit behavior.Requires any person that makes or arranges extensions of consumer credit that are to be secured by a dwelling, and that uses credit scores for that purpose, to provide the consumer with a copy of: (1) the information obtained from a consumer reporting agency or that was developed and used by that user of the credit score information; or (2) a copy of the information provided to the user by a third party that developed the credit score, plus a general description of credit scores, their use, and the sources and kinds of data used to generate credit scores.Declares void any contract provision that prohibits such mandated disclosures. Exempts from contractual liability any user of a credit score for making such a disclosure. 2025-08-19T17:29:57Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1242
107-s-1225 107 s 1225 Liberty Dollar Bill Act Finance and Financial Sector 2001-07-24 2001-07-24 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S8125-8126) Senate Sen. Allen, George [R-VA] VA R A000121 2 Liberty Dollar Bill Act - Amends Federal law to require that the design of the reverse side of one-dollar Federal reserve notes incorporate: (1) the preamble to the Constitution; (2) a list of the Articles of the Constitution; and (3) a list of the first ten amendments to the Constitution.States that such requirements do not limit the authority of the Secretary of the Treasury to: (1) include other inscriptions or material on the reverse side of such notes; or (2) adopt other design features to deter counterfeiting of currency. 2025-08-19T17:29:43Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/1225
107-s-993 107 s 993 A bill to extend for 4 additional months the period for which chapter 12 of title 11, United States Code, is reenacted. Finance and Financial Sector 2001-06-06 2001-06-06 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text of measure as introduced: (CR S5903) Senate Sen. Carnahan, Jean [D-MO] MO D C001043 3 Amends the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 to extend until October 1, 2001, the reenactment of chapter 12 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code (Adjustment of Debts of a Family Farmer with Regular Annual Income) (thereby extending family farmer bankruptcy relief).Makes this Act effective as of June 1, 2001 (the previous expiration date). 2025-07-21T19:32:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/993
107-s-891 107 s 891 Underage Consumer Credit Protection Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-05-15 2001-05-15 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S4958) Senate Sen. Dodd, Christopher J. [D-CT] CT D D000388 1 Underage Consumer Credit Protection Act of 2001 - Amends the Truth in Lending Act to prescribe application requirements for the issuance of a credit card to an underage (under age 21) consumer, which include: (1) signature indicating joint liability for debts in connection with the account by another individual having the means to repay debts incurred by the underage consumer; (2) submission of financial information indicating an independent means of repayment by the consumer; or (3) proof of completion by the consumer of a specified credit counseling course.Authorizes the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system to promulgate the attendant rules and model forms. 2025-08-19T17:28:24Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/891
107-s-601 107 s 601 Small Business Checking Regulatory Relief Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-03-22 2001-03-22 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S2776) Senate Sen. Shelby, Richard C. [R-AL] AL R S000320 0 Small Business Checking Regulatory Relief Act of 2001 - Amends Federal banking law governing interaccount transfers to provide that a depository institution may permit owners of certain interest- or dividend-paying accounts to make up to 24 transfers monthly for any purpose to their other accounts in the same institution.Repeals specified limitations to authorize certain depository institutions offering demand deposits to permit all owners of a interest- or dividend-paying deposit or account to make withdrawals by negotiable or transferable instruments for the purpose of making payments to third parties. Requires interest payments on an escrow account maintained in connection with a loan only if they are required by contract between the lender (or servicer) and borrower or by specific State law.Amends the Federal Reserve Act, the Home Owners' Loan Act, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to repeal the proscription against payment of interest on demand deposits.Reformulates the mandatory depository institution reserve ratio to: (1) one that is not greater than three percent, and may be zero, (currently, a flat ratio of three percent) for transaction accounts of $25 million or less; and (2) reduce from eight percent to zero the minimum ratio for transaction accounts exceeding $25 million. (Thus authorizes zero reserve requirements for such accounts.) 2025-08-19T17:31:11Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/601
107-s-539 107 s 539 A bill to amend the Truth in Lending Act to prohibit finance charges for on-time payments. Finance and Financial Sector 2001-03-15 2001-03-15 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Levin, Carl [D-MI] MI D L000261 2 Amends the Truth in Lending Act to prohibit imposition of finance or interest charges upon a consumer credit card account (under an open end consumer credit plan) for on-time payments when no other balance is owing on the account. 2025-01-14T18:20:21Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/539
107-s-536 107 s 536 Freedom From Behavioral Profiling Act of 2000 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-03-14 2001-03-14 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Shelby, Richard C. [R-AL] AL R S000320 0 Freedom From Behavioral Profiling Act of 2000 - Amends the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act to prohibit financial institution disclosure of consumer marketing and behavioral profiling information for the purpose of marketing nonfinancial products, unless: (1) the institution has notified the consumer in clear and conspicuous format; and (2) the consumer has affirmatively consented in writing. 2025-08-19T17:29:23Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/536
107-s-524 107 s 524 Small Business Interest Checking Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-03-13 2001-03-13 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Schumer, Charles E. [D-NY] NY D S000148 0 Small Business Interest Checking Act of 2001- Amends Federal banking law governing interaccount transfers to provide that a depository institution may permit owners of certain interest- or dividend-paying accounts to make up to 24 transfers monthly for any purpose to their other accounts in the same institution.Amends the Federal Reserve Act to authorize a Federal reserve bank to pay interest at least quarterly (at a rate not to exceed the general level of short term interest rates) to a depository institution on any balance it maintains at the reserve bank.Repeals a specified restriction in order to authorize pass-through reserves for member banks (as well as non-member banks).Reformulates the mandatory depository institution reserve ratio to: (1) one that is not greater than three percent, and may be zero, (currently, a flat ratio of three percent) for transaction accounts of $25 million or less; and (2) reduce from eight percent to zero the minimum ratio for transaction accounts exceeding $25 million. (Thus authorizes zero reserve requirements for such accounts.)Requires the Federal Reserve banks to transfer certain surplus funds for deposit into the general fund of the Treasury equal to the estimated net cost of making the quarterly payments of interest mandated by this Act for FY 2002 through 2006.Prohibits such banks from replenishing surplus funds by the amount of any such transfers during that time period. 2025-08-19T17:31:20Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/524
107-s-420 107 s 420 Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-03-01 2001-07-17 See also H.R. 333. Senate Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA] IA R G000386 7 Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001 - Title I: Needs-Based Bankruptcy - Amends Federal bankruptcy law to revamp guidelines governing dismissal or conversion of a Chapter 7 liquidation petition (complete relief in bankruptcy) to one under Chapter 11 (Reorganization) or Chapter 13 (Adjustment of Debts of an Individual with Regular Income). Allows a bankruptcy panel trustee and any party in interest to move for such dismissal or conversion (current law prohibits a party in interest from such motions). Lowers the "substantial abuse" standard for dismissal or conversion to one of simple abuse. Replaces the presumption in favor of granting the relief sought by the debtor with a presumption that abuse exists if the debtor's current monthly income exceeds an amount determined according to specified formulae.(Sec. 102) Includes within the calculation of debtor's monthly expenses: (1) those expenses incurred to maintain the safety of the debtor and the debtor's family from family violence as identified under the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act or other applicable Federal law; (2) continuation of actual expenses paid by the debtor for the care and support of an elderly, chronically ill, or disabled household or non-dependent immediate family member; and (3) an additional allowance for housing and utilities based upon documented actual expenses for home energy costs.Provides that the presumption of abuse may only be rebutted with detailed documentation of special circumstances requiring additional expenses or adjustment of currently monthly total income for which there is no reasonable alternative.Requires the debtor's counsel to reimburse the bankruptcy trustee for legal fees in prosecuting a dismissal or conversion motion if the court finds that counsel's filing under Chapter 7 was in violation of certain bankruptcy rules.Requires the court, upon motion by the victim of a crime of violence or a drug trafficking crime (or at the request of a party in interest), to dismiss a voluntary case filed by an individual debtor… 2026-03-09T19:31:35Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/420
107-s-450 107 s 450 Financial Institution Privacy Protection Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-03-01 2001-04-26 Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR S3987) Senate Sen. Nelson, Bill [D-FL] FL D N000032 0 Financial Institution Privacy Protection Act of 2001 - Amends the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act to condition financial institution disclosure of consumer nonpublic personal health information upon the consumer's affirmative consent in writing.Replaces the opt out requirements governing such a disclosure with a prohibition against denial of a financial service or product to any consumer based upon the consumer's refusal to grant consent to nonpublic personal information disclosure.Mandates that each financial institution designate a privacy compliance officer to ensure compliance with privacy requirements. Sets forth civil penalties for noncompliance. 2025-08-19T17:28:17Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/450
107-s-451 107 s 451 Social Security Number Protection Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-03-01 2001-03-01 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance. (text of measure as introduced: CR S1789) Senate Sen. Nelson, Bill [D-FL] FL D N000032 0 Social Security Number Protection Act of 2001 - Prohibits the sale or purchase of a social security number.Sets forth civil and criminal penalties for violations. 2025-08-19T17:33:04Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/451
107-s-398 107 s 398 International Counter-Money Laundering and Foreign Anticorruption Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-02-27 2001-02-27 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Kerry, John F. [D-MA] MA D K000148 4 International Counter-Money Laundering and Foreign Anticorruption Act of 2001 - Authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to require domestic financial institutions and agencies to take special measures, such as requiring record-keeping and reporting of certain transactions, identification of beneficial owners, and limitations on payable through and correspondent accounts, if the Secretary finds that a jurisdiction outside the United States, financial institutions operating abroad, or one or more classes of transactions within or involving a foreign jurisdiction is of primary money laundering concern.Immunizes from liability financial institutions and their staff making certain disclosures of possible legal violations to a government agency. Prohibits them from notifying anyone involved that the transaction has been reported.Sets penalties for violation of geographic targeting orders and record-keeping requirements.Amends: (1) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to authorize an insured depository institution to disclose certain information concerning the possible involvement of an institution-affiliated party in potentially unlawful activity; and (2) the Annunzio-Wylie Anti-Money Laundering Act to make certain provisions of the Bank Secrecy Act applicable to it.Expresses the sense of Congress that: (1) in international deliberations, the U.S. Government should emphasize an approach that addresses governmental corruption; and (2) the United States should continue to actively and publicly support the objectives of the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering with regard to combating international money laundering. 2025-08-19T17:31:18Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/398
107-s-324 107 s 324 Social Security Number Privacy Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-02-14 2001-02-14 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Shelby, Richard C. [R-AL] AL R S000320 0 Social Security Number Privacy Act of 2001 - Amends the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act to require the Federal functional regulators to promulgate regulations restricting the sale and purchase of Social Security numbers and Social Security account numbers by financial institutions. Prohibits a financial institution from selling or purchasing a Social Security number or Social Security account number in violation of such regulations. 2025-08-19T17:32:41Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/324
107-s-227 107 s 227 Municipal Deposit Insurance Protection Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-31 2001-01-31 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Torricelli, Robert G. [D-NJ] NJ D T000317 2 Municipal Deposit Insurance Protection Act of 2001 - Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to mandate that deposits of an in-State municipal depositor at an insured depository institution be insured in their totality. 2025-08-19T17:32:17Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/227
107-s-229 107 s 229 Interest on Business Checking Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-31 2001-01-31 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Hagel, Chuck [R-NE] NE R H001028 3 Interest on Business Checking Act of 2001 - Amends the Federal Reserve Act, the Home Owners' Loan Act, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to: (1) provide that a depository institution may permit owners of interest or dividend paying accounts to make up to 24 transfers monthly for any purpose to their other demand deposits in the same institution; and (2) repeal the proscription against the payment of interest on demand deposits.Prescribes conditions for interest payments on escrow accounts.Amends the Federal Reserve Act to require a Federal reserve bank to pay interest at least quarterly on any balance maintained by a depository institution at the reserve bank to meet its reserve requirements. 2025-08-19T17:31:12Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/229
107-s-220 107 s 220 Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-30 2001-01-31 Read the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 7. Senate Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA] IA R G000386 6 Bankruptcy Reform Act of 2001 - Amends Federal bankruptcy law governing: (1) conversion of bankruptcy petitions; (2) abusive creditor practices; (3) debt reaffirmation and credit counseling; (4) domestic support obligations; (5) personal injury claims resulting from drug or alcohol-impaired operation of a motor vehicle or vessel; (6) Federal criminal law enforcement with regard to abusive reaffirmations of debt; (7) fraudulent bankruptcy schedules; (8) education and retirement benefits; and (9) nondischarge from a debt for restitution or damages awarded in a civil action against the debtor for willful or malicious injury that caused personal injury or death of an individual.Prescribes guidelines regarding: (1) discouragement of bankruptcy abuse; (2) general and small business bankruptcy; (3) bankruptcy data dissemination and bankruptcy tax provisions; (4) ancillary and other cross-border cases to incorporate the Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency; and (5) financial contracts and transfers entered into with an insolvent insured depository institution before its conservatorship or receivership.Reenacts Chapter 12, Adjustment of Debts of a Family Farmer with Regular Annual Income. Prescribes guidelines for insolvent health care businesses and attendant patients' rights.Mandates appointments and extensions for certain additional temporary bankruptcy judgeships.Prescribes additional consumer credit disclosures. 2025-08-19T17:33:03Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/220
107-s-178 107 s 178 A bill to permanently reenact chapter 12 of title 11, United States Code, relating to family farmers. Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-25 2001-01-25 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Senate Sen. Wellstone, Paul D. [D-MN] MN D W000288 6 Reenacts chapter 12 (Adjustments of Debts of a Family Farmer) of the Federal bankruptcy code, as reenacted by division C of the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act 1999 (thus making chapter 12 permanent). 2025-07-21T19:32:26Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/178
107-s-192 107 s 192 Consumer Credit Fair Dispute Resolution Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-25 2001-01-25 Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (text of measure as introduced: CR S587) Senate Sen. Feingold, Russell D. [D-WI] WI D F000061 1 Consumer Credit Fair Dispute Resolution Act of 2001 - Amends Federal arbitration provisions to define: (1) "consumer credit transaction" as the right granted to a person to incur debt and defer its payment, where the credit is intended primarily for personal, family, or household purposes; and (2) "consumer credit contract" as any contract between the parties to a consumer credit transaction.Provides that any written provision in such a contract evidencing a transaction involving commerce to settle by arbitration a controversy arising out the contract, or the refusal to perform the whole or any part, shall not be valid or enforceable. Declares that nothing in this Act prohibits the enforcement of any written agreement to settle by arbitration a controversy arising out of such a contract if the agreement has been entered into by the parties to the contract after the controversy has arisen. 2025-08-19T17:32:51Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/192
107-s-128 107 s 128 Meeting America's Investment Needs in Small Towns Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-22 2001-01-22 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Senate Sen. Johnson, Tim [D-SD] SD D J000177 15 Meeting America's Investment Needs in Small Towns Act of 2001- Amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to prescribe a formula for periodic adjustments to the maximum amount of deposit insurance coverage ($100,000), including an inflation adjustment. 2025-08-19T17:32:55Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/128
107-s-143 107 s 143 Competitive Market Supervision Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-22 2001-05-25 Held at the desk. Senate Sen. Gramm, Phil [R-TX] TX R G000365 16 Competitive Market Supervision Act of 2001 - Amends the Securities Act of 1933 to: (1) eliminate the general revenue fees on securities for the cost of the securities registration process; (2) set a uniform and higher rate for the offsetting collection fee schedule for FY 2002 through 2006; and (3) set a permanent rate for FY 2007 and thereafter (currently such rates phase out after FY 2006).(Sec. 2) Amends the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 to conform its filing fee requirements with this Act.(Sec. 3) Amends the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to revise the filing fees related to the purchase of securities by issuers and to preliminary proxy solicitations to reflect such modified offsetting collection fee schedule.Mandates that fees collected during any fiscal year be deposited and credited as offsetting collections.(Sec. 4) Replaces the statutory transaction fee and assessment formula for either a national securities exchange or national securities association with a transaction offsetting collection rate which is the uniform rate required to reach a specified transaction fee cap for the fiscal year.(Sec. 5) Prescribes guidelines for adjustments to fee rates, including: (1) estimates of collections; (2) a floor for total fee and assessment collections; and (3) a cap on total fee and assessment collections.Instructs the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to: (1) decrease or suspend the applicable fee rate to an amount that is not more than 110 percent of the cap on total fee collections if it projects that the aggregate amount of fees and assessments collected will exceed the cap on such collections by more than ten percent; and (2) explain to certain congressional committees the methodology used to make its estimates of collections.Exempts SEC determinations and actions from judicial review.Requires the SEC to notify each national securities exchange or national securities association prior to taking action with respect to either a total fee collection floor or a total fee collection cap.(Sec. 6) Amends publ… 2026-03-09T19:31:33Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/143
107-s-30 107 s 30 Financial Information Privacy Protection Act of 2001 Finance and Financial Sector 2001-01-22 2001-01-22 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (text of measure as introduced: CR S304-306) Senate Sen. Sarbanes, Paul S. [D-MD] MD D S000064 7 Financial Information Privacy Protection Act of 2001 - Amends the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act to provide that the customer's affirmative consent is a prerequisite to financial institution disclosure to affiliates of customer nonpublic personal information, including information about personal spending habits (currently such consent is only required for financial institution disclosure to nonaffiliated third parties).Emphasizes that this Act neither modifies, limits, nor supersedes standards established under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 with respect to the privacy and security of individually identifiable health information.Sets forth limits upon redisclosure and reuse of nonpublic consumer personal information received by an affiliated or nonaffiliated third party from a financial institution.Prescribes guidelines for: (1) consumer rights to access and correct information; and (2) Federal and State enforcement powers under this Act.Revises requirements for the timing of a financial institution's disclosure to consumers of its privacy policies and practices, including a new requirement that the disclosure first occur before a customer relationship is established (currently, when it is established).Prohibits a financial institution from disclosing to either an affiliate or nonaffiliated third party its customer's account number or comparable access number or code.Permits financial institution disclosure of nonpublic personal information: (1) in connection with performing services or functions solely on such institution's behalf regarding its own customers, including marketing of the institution's own products or services to its customers; and (2) in order to facilitate certain customer services.Directs specified Federal agencies, including the Federal Trade Commission, to prescribe implementing regulations. 2025-08-19T17:31:10Z https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/senate-bill/30

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CREATE TABLE legislation (
    bill_id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
    congress INTEGER,
    bill_type TEXT,
    bill_number INTEGER,
    title TEXT,
    policy_area TEXT,
    introduced_date TEXT,
    latest_action_date TEXT,
    latest_action_text TEXT,
    origin_chamber TEXT,
    sponsor_name TEXT,
    sponsor_state TEXT,
    sponsor_party TEXT,
    sponsor_bioguide_id TEXT,
    cosponsor_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
    summary_text TEXT,
    update_date TEXT,
    url TEXT
);
CREATE INDEX idx_leg_congress ON legislation(congress);
CREATE INDEX idx_leg_type ON legislation(bill_type);
CREATE INDEX idx_leg_policy ON legislation(policy_area);
CREATE INDEX idx_leg_date ON legislation(introduced_date);
CREATE INDEX idx_leg_sponsor ON legislation(sponsor_name);
CREATE INDEX idx_leg_sponsor_bioguide ON legislation(sponsor_bioguide_id);
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