treaties: 102-37

Treaties submitted to the Senate (Congresses 89–119), with countries, index terms, and resolution text.

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id congress number title topic transmitted_date in_force_date countries index_terms resolution_text
102-37 102 37 TREATY ON OPEN SKIES Aviation 1992-08-12T00:00:00Z   NUMEROUS 102-37, OPEN SKIES, SKIES <p>RESOLUTION OF ADVICE AND CONSENT TO RATIFICATION AS SUBMITTED BY THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS:<br>@Resolved, (two-thirds of the Senators present concurring therein), #That the Senate advise and consent to the ratification of the Treaty on Open Skies signed at Helsinki on March 24, 1992, including annexes on Quotas and Maximum Flight Distances; Information on Sensors, with an Appendix on Annotation of Data Collected During an Observation Flight; Information on Observation Aircraft; Certification of Observation Aircraft and Sensors, with an Appendix on Methodologies for the Verification of the Performance of Sensors Installed on an Observation Aircraft; Procedures for Arrivals and Departures, with an Appendix on Designation of Sites; Pre-Flight Inspections and Demonstration Flights; Flight Monitors, Flight Representatives, and Representatives; Co-ordination of Planned Observation Flights; Information on Airspace and Flights in Hazardous Airspace; Montreux Convention; Information on Flight Processors, Duplicators and Photographic Films, and Procedures for Monitoring the Processing of Photographic Film; and Open Skies Consultative Commission (all transmitted within Treaty Doc. 102-37); all such documents beingintegral parts of and collectively referred to as the "Open Skies Treaty", subject to the following:<br>(a) CONDITIONS.--The Senate's advice and consent to the ratification of the Open Skies Treaty is subject to the following conditions, which shall be binding upon the President:<br>(1) CHANGES TO SENSORS.--In the event that a State Party or States Parties seeks to obtain agreement, within the framework of the Open Skies Consultative Commission in accordance with Article IV, paragraph 3, and Article X, paragraph 5, of the Open Skies Treaty, to the introduction of additional categories of sensors, or to additions to the caqpabilities of existing sensors provided for pursuant to the Treaty, as an improvement to the viability and effectiveness of the Treaty not requiring an amendment to the Treaty, and the United States intends to agree to such proposed improvement, the President --<br>(A) shall provide prompt notification to the President of the Senate of each such proposed improvement, to include an analysis of the legal, cost, and national security implications of such proposed improvements; and<br>(B) shall not provide United States agreement to each such proposed improvement, or otherwise permit adoption of each such proposed improvement by consensus within the framework of the Open Skies Consultative Commission, until at least 30 days have elapsed from the date of notification to the Senate of the intention of the President to agree to such proposed improvement.<br>(2) NUMBER OF UNITED STATES OBSERVATION AIRCRAFT.-- The Senate finds that United States interests may not require the utilization of the full quota of allowed observation flights or the procurement of more than one or two observation aircraft. Accordingly, within 60 days following the completion of the first year after entry into force of the Open Skies Treaty, the President shall submit to the Senate a report setting forth:<br>(A) an analysis of the first year of operation of the Treaty, highlighting any ambiguities, differences, or problems that arose in the course of implementation, as well as any benefits that have accrued to the United States by its participation in the Open Skies regime;<br>(B) a determination of the estimated number of observation flights to be conducted annually by the United States for the duration of the Treaty; and<br>(C) an assessment of the number of United States observation aircraft required to carry out the observation flights described in subparagraph (B) above, taking into consideration the potential utilization of non-United States aircraft.<br>(b) DECLARATION.-- The Senate's advice and consent to ratification of the Open Skies Treaty is subject to the following declaration, which expresses the intent of the Senate:<br>TREATY INTERPRETATION.-- The Senate affirms the applicability to all treaties of the constitutionally based principles of treaty interpretation set forth in Condition (1) of the Resolution of Ratification with respect to the INF Treaty, approved by the Senate on May 27, 1988.</p>

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